2026 El Niño Phenomenon Special

The 2026 El Niño Phenomenon: A Global Climate Threat

El Niño. El fenómeno flimático que cambia todo el planeta
Visión Global. Julio 2026

Super El Niño 2026. El fenómeno del Super el Niño ya llegó
Venezuela al día. Junio 2026

Will a “Super” El Niño arrive in 2026? What will it be like?

The La Niña Phenomenon

The La Niña Phenomenon: Origins, Global Impacts, and Adaptation Measures

¿Qué es y cómo afecta el fenómeno de La Niña?
CNN en Español. 2024

¿Qué es el fenómeno de El Niño y La Niña?
JP+ 2022

Record temperatures for ocean surfaces in 2026

In 2026, ocean surface temperatures surpassed global historical records, reaching unprecedented levels, according to scientists. This extreme warming directly alters marine ecosystems and intensifies weather phenomena worldwide… The August 22, 2026, report indicates that the average ocean surface temperature reached 21.1°C (excluding the polar regions), surpassing the all-time record of 21.09°C set in March 2024.

Join us to learn all about ocean surface conditions.

What kind of weather is expected in South America during the second half of 2026?

How the 2026 Super El Niño is unfolding in South America

For the rest of 2026, South America is expected to experience above-normal temperatures, driven by the consolidation and rapid strengthening of the El Niño phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean. Major scientific agencies, such as the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), confirm that ocean-atmosphere coupling is underway and could lead to a “Super El Niño” toward the end of the year, causing a drastic rise in temperatures.

Do you know what the heat dome in Europe last year was?

A heat dome is a meteorological phenomenon in which an area of ​​high atmospheric pressure stalls over a region, acting as a “lid” that traps hot air, blocks cloud formation, and compresses air toward the ground, resulting in extremely high and prolonged temperatures. The last time this occurred was in 2026. Until we move away from fossil fuels, these climate anomalies will continue to occur and could even worsen.

Summer 2026 in France
Record heat in Paris

Peru has a close connection to the El Niño phenomenon. For this South American nation, the northern coast serves as the geographic focal point intimately linked to the occurrence of anomalous ocean warming—a process that directly alters the Humboldt Current ecosystem and the climate of the entire region.

Did you know that fishermen played a key role? That is how it happened.

The first major global climate catastrophe
The “Super El Niño” event of 1877–1878 is the most intense one documented to date. This phenomenon contributed to widespread, severe drought and famine across several countries, resulting in the deaths of more than 50 million people.

These are the three countries that suffered the most from the Super El Niño.

¿How much will CO2 in the atmosphere increase this year? And global temperature?

Since 2015, when the Paris Agreement was signed, global temperature has already surpassed the target—74 years earlier than agreed upon in France. Wars not only result in a massive number of direct casualties, but also lead to many more deaths due to the environmental crisis. Furthermore, we can’t answer these two questions right now, but we’ll see the answers in the temperature and CO2 curves in early 2027.

We explain everything here

The difficulty of the progressive reduction of CO2 emissions

Infographic: Evolution of temperature between 1972 and 2025
Analysis and Production: Sandor A. Gerendas-Kiss/Aíxa Chacín
Original graphic source: Berkeley Earth. Berekeleyearth.org.

The primary objective of the COP climate conferences is to keep the Earth’s temperature at reasonable levels. The Paris Agreement (COP21, 2015) made this very clear: limit the rise in global temperature to no more than 1.5°C. However, reports indicate a 2.8°C increase by the end of the century. “Something catastrophic,” as UN Secretary-General António Guterres described it.The primary objective of the COP climate conferences is to keep the Earth’s temperature at reasonable levels. The Paris Agreement (COP21, 2015) made this very clear: limit the rise in global temperature to no more than 1.5°C. However, reports indicate a 2.8°C increase by the end of the century. “Something catastrophic,” as UN Secretary-General António Guterres described it.

In this chart—a creation of SGK-PLANET—we show that, despite four major climate conferences (Stockholm 1972, the first Earth Summit, and three others) held over the course of 53 years, the Earth’s temperature has not deviated from its upward trajectory.

The agreement that almost no one remembers anymore

The Paris Agreement: The climate promise we are forgetting

The fossil fuel issue in the last four COP conferences

Fossil fuels at  COP27, Egipto, Nov 2022

Egypt, an oil-producing country. The final document was supposed to refer to the phase-out of all fossil fuels, yet coal was barely mentioned. Furthermore, it fails to state that global emissions must peak by 2025 to keep the 1.5-degree target alive—a point that Europe had pushed for. Frans Timmermans, Vice-President of the European Commission, was highly critical of the summit’s outcome, describing it as an “unacceptable step backward,” and threatened to walk away from COP27.

Fossil fuels at COP28, UAE, Dubái, Nov-Dic 2023

The United Arab Emirates—one of the world’s major oil powers. Key points of the conference: 1. Moving away from fossil fuels. 2. Ending subsidies for fossil fuels. 3. Tripling renewable energy capacity within 7 years. But it was the words of Al Jaber, president of COP28, that shocked those present: “There is no science to support the idea that abandoning fossil fuels is what will allow us to control climate change”… and then he added “eliminating fossil fuels would be like going back to the caves.” ((((That’s just not the way to go… my friend Jaber.))))

Fossil fuels at COP29, Azerbayan 2024

The hydrocarbon sector accounts for more than 90% of the country’s exports. In his inaugural address, the President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, stated: “Oil and gas are a gift from God, just like the sun, the wind, and minerals… All natural resources—whether oil, gas, wind, the sun, gold, silver, or copper—are natural resources. Countries should not be blamed for possessing them, nor for bringing them to market, because the market needs them.”

Fossil fuels at COP30, Belem, Brazil, 10-21 Nov 2025

Brazil is not an oil-producing nation, yet it holds the largest portion of the Amazon—the planet’s biggest tropical rainforest. In the early hours of Thursday, July 10, 2025, Brazil’s Chamber of Deputies passed a controversial bill that relaxes licensing regulations, drawing sharp criticism from environmental organizations. Furthermore, Brazil is conducting oil drilling operations within the rainforest. COP30, presided over by economist and diplomat André Aranha Corrêa do Lago (born 1959), acknowledged that the new climate plans and greenhouse gas reduction commitments put forward by individual nations represent a step forward; however, he noted that they “remain far below what is required… meanwhile, the climate crisis is accelerating.”

Learn all the details about these events in our Brief History of the COPs ©

Vuelve la Breve historia de las COP©

Actualizada hasta la COP30 * Exclusiva de SGK-PLANET

Con una mínima inversión de tiempo podrás comprender por qué ha sido difícil detener el calentamiento global. Imprescibndible de leer.

Climatic Criticism from SGK-PLANET

Have climate summits and the Paris Agreement succeeded in stabilizing global temperature over the course of half a century?

In the chart The Temperature Curve Speaks for Itself by SGK-PLANET, we demonstrate that climate summits have failed to achieve the purpose for which they were created—highlighting the four major conferences in which environmentalists and the inhabitants of this planet had placed the greatest hope.

From this analysis emerges the term Climatic Criticism, a critique of the lack of discipline with which something as vital as the well-being of our Earth and its inhabitants has been handled. It is alarming that, despite so many meetings and conferences, global temperatures continue their relentless rise, with no effective action taken to date to reverse this trend.

Climate Criticism from SGK-PLANET

From the mismanagement of the climate issue—the subject of our Climate Criticism, arise Climate Consequences that we could all eventually suffer.

The failure to meet the objectives set during climate conferences has led to the degradation of Earth’s environment. The graph we analyzed earlier is closely linked to anthropogenic causes—that is, human activities—such as fossil fuel emissions and the reckless deforestation of tropical rainforests. These activities have resulted in an increased concentration of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which drive global warming and significant shifts in the planet’s climate, in other words, climate change.

The Deforestation Clock

The goal of this model is to describe what happens inside and outside the rainforest and to show that it is a process functioning like a chain—where the addition or loss of a single link affects the entire system and, ultimately, the planet.

Deforestation occurs year after year, and its consequences accumulate over time. The “Deforestation Clock” is not a clock that marks the hours, nor do its 12 digits represent the 12 months of the year. We chose this format for practical and visual reasons, as it allows us to explain the sequence of events involved in the large-scale destruction of forests and jungles, along with its significant consequences.

The Spirit of the Earth ©

“An unprecedented phenomenon… unpredictable… not even the most prominent scientists foresaw it… no mathematical model anticipated it… not even artificial intelligence… …it was the curtain… the hot curtain… it caught us all by surprise… it emerged… when the last tree was felled… in the Amazon… the most fabulous tree… the most gigantic… the most beautiful tree the world had ever known… the widest… the leafiest… the tallest… the most imposing… it seemed to date back to the time of Creation… it was the Spirit of the Earth… that is what the indigenous people called it… the mother of all trees… it rose above the clouds… it would take fifty people just to encircle it… forgive me… —the ragged old man paused again— but despite everything… they dared to cut it down… they cut down the Spirit of the Earth…

From its soul, they extracted millions of meters of parquet flooring… the phenomenon of the curtain began right there… in its gigantic, overturned roots… with its belly facing upward… gazing desperately toward the heights… as if crying out for help… but then it was struck by a bolt of lightning… followed by… a small explosion… a different kind of big bang… then an inconsequential breeze… very slow… a mixture of hot air and toxic gases… at first, no one paid it any mind… but it kept growing… heating up… it reached a massive scale… immense power… spreading its poisonous smoke… across the entire globe… pardon me…

Seventy degrees Celsius… it wasn’t a hurricane… it wasn’t a tornado… nor anything known… it was a dense mass… lethal… moving heavily… like the beam of a scanner… it didn’t fail to sweep over a single meter of the Earth… it didn’t kill through fury… nor through its sheer scale… it laid waste with its temperature… its toxicity… its agonizing slowness… it obliterated all life in its path… scorching everything… bringing puddles to a boil… nature went off the rails… the sky buckled… the sun vanished… … “Forgive me…” said the old survivor—part vagrant, part philosopher, a former nuclear engineer and professor at the Post-Neolithic University, based in Athens… himself on the verge of departing…”