3. What are the megadiverse countries of Latin America?

Megadiverse are the countries that host the highest rates of biological diversity, including many endemic species, that is, those that are not found naturally anywhere else.

Megadiverse countries only represent about 10% of the world’s surface, but they “host at least 70% of the planet’s terrestrial biological diversity, including more than two-thirds of all non-fish vertebrate species and three-quarters of all species of higher plants”, according to Iberdrola.

In South America, the greatest biological diversity is found in the Amazon, shared by Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru, and in Central America, Mexico.